Paperback
Not Just for the Money
An Economic Theory of Personal Motivation
9781858988450 Edward Elgar Publishing
In Not Just for the Money Professor Frey challenges traditional economic theory and argues that people do not act in expectation of monetary gain alone, nor do they work solely because they are paid. Furthermore, the author claims that higher monetary compensation as well as regulations crowd-out motivation in important circumstances. Offering higher pay may make people less committed to their work and may reduce their performance. They thus behave in exactly the opposite way the fundamental price-effect of economics predicts.
More Information
Critical Acclaim
Contents
More Information
In Not Just for the Money Professor Frey challenges traditional economic theory and argues that people do not act in expectation of monetary gain alone, nor do they work solely because they are paid. Furthermore, the author claims that higher monetary compensation as well as regulations crowd-out motivation in important circumstances. Offering higher pay may make people less committed to their work and may reduce their performance. They thus behave in exactly the opposite way the fundamental price-effect of economics predicts.
The first part of the book considers the Crowding-Out Effect and the Motivational Spill-Over Effect. The second part explores a large number of applications to constitutional questions, various policy issues and the organization of firms. The final part discusses the substantial consequences for policy making and economic theory.
This path breaking book is bound to create controversy and debate. It will appeal not only to economists but to a wide range of social scientists who want to go beyond the traditional assumption of economic man.
The first part of the book considers the Crowding-Out Effect and the Motivational Spill-Over Effect. The second part explores a large number of applications to constitutional questions, various policy issues and the organization of firms. The final part discusses the substantial consequences for policy making and economic theory.
This path breaking book is bound to create controversy and debate. It will appeal not only to economists but to a wide range of social scientists who want to go beyond the traditional assumption of economic man.
Critical Acclaim
‘What he [Bruno Frey] offers is both challenging and pervasive in its relevance. He is ambitious enough to aspire to make economics less presumptive and less general, but – as he himself observes – earlier efforts to integrate psychology into economics have been noted while precious little effect on economics as a whole. His book is provocative and interesting and likely to yield some further empirical efforts to measure putative crowding-out effects, but scepticism and inertia are likely to be difficult barriers to overcome.’
– L.A. Duhs, Economic Analysis and Policy
‘The book is a must for political business cycle theorists in that it includes. . . important articles in the PBC literature. . . . it will be a prominent feature in my bookcase.’
– Dean Garratt, Economic Affairs
‘The main thing is to congratulate Frey for highlighting an important and interesting problem which economists have yet to deal with in a fully satisfactory fashion.’
– David Collard, The Economic Journal
‘In this wonderful little book, Bruno S. Frey provides a convincing – indeed, to my mind a conclusive – case against a fundamental tenet of the model of homo economicus, namely, that “higher monetary reward (price) induces more of an activity”. One of the great merits of Frey’s book is his demonstration of how, especially (but not only) in public policy contexts, employing the too simple model has often (though by no means always) led to perverse results: payment has often decreased the supply of already-scarce behaviour.’
– Gerald F. Gaus, Agenda
‘Bruno Frey provides an important and sound contribution to the question as to the causes, the change and the economic impact of personal motivation. The book sums up many results of Bruno Frey’s excellent research in a conclusive way, and its reading is to be highly recommended to each economist. Frey’s book impressively demonstrates a broad range of applications of these analytically important crowding effects. Bruno Frey has made an important contribution to the literature on economic theory, a contribution that deserves great attention, which – I am sure – it will receive.’
– Gisela Kubon-Gilke, Journal of Institutional and Theoretical Economics
‘[Bruno Frey] suggests how the working economist or intelligent citizen can take into account what he calls “intrinsic motivation”. Still more important, he shows how this can be done without surrendering to the communitarians who would subordinate the individual to the group to which he or she belongs. Mr Frey emphasises that his book is not a plea for old-style government intervention. . . Instead he argues that human beings should be trusted more. “Desist from trying to steer humans everywhere and always”, he writes. At the very least, however, Mr Frey’s crowding out theory offers some comfort to those who have misgivings about macho managerialism. From now on, they should be able to retain such misgivings without having to overthrow beliefs in markets or the profit motive.’
– Sir Samuel Brittan, The Financial Times
‘Bruno Frey provides a stimulating and wide-ranging discussion of personal motivation that opens out traditional economics to provide a more mature view of individuals as being sensitive to private and moral motives as well as market incentives. The basic analysis and the range of applications will be of great interest to anyone with an interest in political economy broadly defined.’
– Alan Hamlin, University of Southampton, UK
– L.A. Duhs, Economic Analysis and Policy
‘The book is a must for political business cycle theorists in that it includes. . . important articles in the PBC literature. . . . it will be a prominent feature in my bookcase.’
– Dean Garratt, Economic Affairs
‘The main thing is to congratulate Frey for highlighting an important and interesting problem which economists have yet to deal with in a fully satisfactory fashion.’
– David Collard, The Economic Journal
‘In this wonderful little book, Bruno S. Frey provides a convincing – indeed, to my mind a conclusive – case against a fundamental tenet of the model of homo economicus, namely, that “higher monetary reward (price) induces more of an activity”. One of the great merits of Frey’s book is his demonstration of how, especially (but not only) in public policy contexts, employing the too simple model has often (though by no means always) led to perverse results: payment has often decreased the supply of already-scarce behaviour.’
– Gerald F. Gaus, Agenda
‘Bruno Frey provides an important and sound contribution to the question as to the causes, the change and the economic impact of personal motivation. The book sums up many results of Bruno Frey’s excellent research in a conclusive way, and its reading is to be highly recommended to each economist. Frey’s book impressively demonstrates a broad range of applications of these analytically important crowding effects. Bruno Frey has made an important contribution to the literature on economic theory, a contribution that deserves great attention, which – I am sure – it will receive.’
– Gisela Kubon-Gilke, Journal of Institutional and Theoretical Economics
‘[Bruno Frey] suggests how the working economist or intelligent citizen can take into account what he calls “intrinsic motivation”. Still more important, he shows how this can be done without surrendering to the communitarians who would subordinate the individual to the group to which he or she belongs. Mr Frey emphasises that his book is not a plea for old-style government intervention. . . Instead he argues that human beings should be trusted more. “Desist from trying to steer humans everywhere and always”, he writes. At the very least, however, Mr Frey’s crowding out theory offers some comfort to those who have misgivings about macho managerialism. From now on, they should be able to retain such misgivings without having to overthrow beliefs in markets or the profit motive.’
– Sir Samuel Brittan, The Financial Times
‘Bruno Frey provides a stimulating and wide-ranging discussion of personal motivation that opens out traditional economics to provide a more mature view of individuals as being sensitive to private and moral motives as well as market incentives. The basic analysis and the range of applications will be of great interest to anyone with an interest in political economy broadly defined.’
– Alan Hamlin, University of Southampton, UK
Contents
Contents: 1. Introduction Part I: The Crowding-Out Effect 2. Everyday Experiences 3. The Psychological Background 4. Integration into Economics 5. Motivational Spill-Over Effect Part II: Applications 6. A Strict or Lenient Constitution? 7. Environmental Policy 8. Siting Policy, or: the NIMBY-problem (with Felix Oberholzer-Gee) 9. Social and Organizational Policy 10. Work Motivation and Compensation Policy Part III Conclusions 11. Consequences for Economic Policy 12. Consequences for Economic Theory References Index
